Notes related to Livestock and Food
ON THE FARM
Most abundant farm mammal
The domestic cattle Bos taurus is the most abundant farm mammal. There are an estimated 1.3 billion individuals alive today around the world, which means that among large mammals of any kind, only our own species, Homo sapiens, is more abundant.
Largest dairy goat population
The greatest population of dairy goats in the world is found in China's Fuping County, which contains approximately 320,000 individuals. By comparison, there are around 310,000 dairy goats in the whole of the USA. Almost all of Fuping's dairy goats are Saanen goats, a large, all-white breed named after Switzerland's Saanen Valley.
Greatest milk-goat breed
The breed of domestic goat the Saanen goat, the largest of the dairy goat breeds. A Saanen nanny produces an average daily milk yield of 3.8 litres (1 gal).
Goat breed with the shortest ears
First bred in Oregon, USA, the breed of goat with the shortest ears is the La Mancha, of which there are two types in terms of ear size. The ear lobes of those with so-called "gopher" ears are either non-existent or measure no more than 2.54 em (1 in) and contain little or no cartilage, whereas those with "elf" ears measure 5.08 em (2 in) at most. As neither has normal outer ear lobes, on first sight LaMancha goats often appear earless. (Capra hircus) that yields the greatest amount of milk is the Saanen goat, the largest of the dairy goat breeds. A Saanen nanny produces an average daily milk yield of 3.8 litres (1 gal).
Goat breed with the shortest ears
First bred in Oregon, USA, the breed of goat with the shortest ears is the La Mancha, of which there are two types in terms of ear size. The ear lobes of those with so-called "gopher" ears are either non-existent or measure no more than 2.54 cm (1 in) and contain little or no cartilage, whereas those with "elf" ears measure 5.08 cm (2 in) at most. As neither has normal outer ear lobes, on first sight LaMancha goats often appear earless.
Least dense goat coat
The breed of domestic goat with the least dense coat is the angora goat, from which mohair is derived. Other breeds of goat produce a double coat, consisting of coarse outer hair and softer under-down, but the angora goat's coat normally lacks any coarse outer hair, consisting only of a very fine, fleecy under-down.
Largest donkey sanctuary
The world's largest donkey sanctuary is the Sid mouth Donkey Sanctuary i n Devon, UK. Founded in 1969 by the late Elisabeth Svendsen (UK), MBE, it currently owns eight farms in the UK, and has cared for more than 13,500 donkeys since it opened. It also oversees sanctuaries, foster homes and holding bays for donkeys in seven other European countries, as well as conducting international operations in Africa, Asia and Mexico.
Shortest horse
Charly, a male five-year-old sorrel pony born in 2007, measures just 63.5 em (25 in) to the withers (between the shoulders). He can be a bit bad-tempered, but is affectionate towards his owner, Bartolomeo Messina (Italy), who has trained Charly to take part in equine exhibition shows.
Big Jake is a nine-year old gelding Belgian draught horse who measured 20 hands 2,75 in (210,19 cm: 6 ft 10 in, without horse shoes, at Smokey Hollow Farms in Poynette, Wisconsin, USA, on 19 January 2010. Jerry Gilbert is the manager of Smokey Hollow Farms, and his daughter Caley, is holding the reins here.The tallest horse ever was the shire gelding Sampson (renamed Mammoth) bred by Thomas Cleaver (UK). This horse, foaled in 1846, measured 21.2 and half hands (2.19 m: 7 ft 2.5 in) in 1850.
Most widely used animal fibre
Wool from the domestic sheep (Ovis aries) is the most widely used natural fibre derived from animals. It is utilized throughout the inhabited world wherever sheep are farmed. There are just over a billion domestic sheep individuals currently in existence worldwide.
Archie - a Dexter bull named and fully registered i n the Northern Ireland livestock inventory in County Antrim, UK- measured 76.2 em (30 in) from the hoof to the withers on 22 November 2011, when he was 16 months old.
The smallest breed of cattle is the Vechur breed of Kerala, India. Its average height from the ground to a hump near its shoulders (a feature of
certain cattle breeds) for the cow is 81-91 em (31-35 in) and 83-105 em (32-41 in) for the bull.
Hairiest domestic pig
The domestic pig (Sus scrofa) with the most hair is the Mangalitza. Uniquely among living breeds of pigs, the Mangalitza grows a remarkably long coat that resembles the fleece of sheep. The Mangalitza is divided into three breeds the blonde Mangalitza (which is white), the swallow-bellied Mangalitza (which has a black body with white feet and belly) and the red Mangalitza (which is ginger). Mangalitzas originated in Hungary.
Largest sheep population
The country with the world's greatest domestic sheep population is China, which has more than 136 million sheep. Most of these belong to the fat-tailed breed. which is raised mainly for meat and dairy products, as the quality of its wool is generally low. Australia is in second place, with around 79 million sheep.
Smallest breed of goat
According to the American Goat Society and Dairy Goat Association, adult males (bucks) of the Nigerian Dwarf breed should measure less than 60 em (23.6 in) at the withers, and adult females (does) less than 57 em (22.4 in).
Smallest breed of domestic pig
The Kunekune pig comes from New Zealand with a name that means "fat and round" in Maori. They grow up to 76 em (30 in) and weigh up to 108 kg (240 lb).
Shortest donkey
KneeHi, a brown miniature Mediterranean jack who lives at Best Friends Farm in Gainesville, Florida, USA, measured 64.2 em (25.29 in) to the top of the withers on 26 July 2011. Knee Hi is owned by Jim and Frankie Lee (USA).
THE PRODUCE WE PRODUCE ...
We rely on farms for our basic food staples. In 2010 alone, the world's farmers produced the following jaw-dropping amounts of food and drink. It all adds up to more than 13 quadrillion calories!
MILK
More than 760 million litres (or 304 Olympic-sized swimming pools enough to fill a milk bottle more than twice the height of Nelson's Column, London, UK
68.9 million tonnes (enough to make an omelette the size of Northern Ireland.
POULTRY
97.9 million tonnes (around 16.4 tonnes heavier than the Great Pyramid at Giza, Egypt).
PIG MEAT
109.2 million tonnes (some 4,430 times heavier than the heaviest statue - New York's Statue of Liberty).
BEEF AND BUFFALO MEAT
65.7 million tonnes (enough to create a burger with an area nearly 2.5 times greater than that of Mauritius)
SHEEP AND GOAT MEAT
13.6 million tonnes (more than 40 times heavier than the Empire State Building).
FISH (farmed - i.e., not caught fish)
56 million tonnes (around 560 times heavier than the world's largest cruise ship, the MS Allure of the Seas.
FUN WITH FOOD
AGAINST THE CLOCK
Lasagne (30 sec)
Rafael Bujotzek ate 358 g (12.6 oz) of lasagne in 30 seconds at an event organized by Twentieth Century Fox (Germany) at the Theatre Cinedom in Cologne, Germany, on 3 August 2006.
Mashed potato (30 sec)
On 23 November 2011, Hasib Zafar (UK) consumed 266 g (9.38 oz) of mashed potato at the British Potato Conference in Harrogate, North Yorkshire, UK.
Brussels sprouts (1 min)
Linus Urbanec (Sweden) downed a record 31 Brussels sprouts in one minute in Rottne, Sweden, on 26 November 2008.
Jaffa Cakes (1 min)
Gustav Schulz (Germany) scoffed eight Jaffa Cakes in a minute in Essex, UK, on 9 October 2009. His feat was matched by Connor Whiteford (UK) in Hull, UK, on 6 October 2011.
Marshmallows (1 min)
Prolific record-setter Ashrita Furman (USA) consumed 12 marshmallows in a minute at the Panorama Cafe in New York City, USA, on 13 January 2011.
Mince pies (1 min)
Catherine Jones, Michael Xuereb and Luke Chilton (all UK) each ate two mince pies in one minute at the offices of Real People magazine in London, U K, on 22 November 2010.
Oranges peeled and eaten (3 min)
Ashrita Furman (USA) ate six oranges, which he had also peeled, at the Panorama Cafe in New York City, USA, on 14 July 2010.
On 22 July 2001, Stefan Paladin (New Zealand) chomped his way through eight whole sausages at the Ericsson Stadium in Auckland, New Zealand.
Dumplings (2 min)
Seth Grudberg (USA) ate a stomach-bulging 18 dumplings in just two minutes at the Third Annual Tang's Natural NYC Dumpling Festival in New York City, USA, on 17 September 2011.
Baked beans (3 min)
Nick Thompson (UK) consumed 136 baked beans from a plate with a cocktail stick in three minutes at an event organized by the advertising agency Claydon Heeley Jones Mason (UK) at Harrow School, Harrow-onthe-Hill, M iddlesex, UK, on 18 August 2005.
Grapes (3 min)
Ashrita Furman (USA) downed 186 grapes in three minutes at the Sri Chinmoy Center in New York City, USA, on 31 May 2011.
Jam doughnuts (3 min)
Lup Fun Yau downed six sugared jam doughnuts, without licking his lips, in three minutes at the offices of The Sun in London, U K, on 2 May 2007. This equalled the record set in 2002 by Steve McHugh (UK).
Oysters (3 min)
Colin Shirlow (UK) ate a belt-busting 233 oysters in three minutes at the annual World Oyster Eating Championship held in Hillsborough, County Down, U K, on 3 September 2005
Shrimps (3 min)
On 26 February 2003, William E Silver (USA) worked his way through 272.1 g (9.6 oz) of shrimps in three minutes at the Calabash West Restaurant in Asheville, North Carolina, USA.
Baked beans (S min)
Gary Eccles (UK) consumed a total of 258 baked beans with a cocktail stick in five minutes on 18 March 2011.
FASTEST TIME TO EAT...
Most mashed potato eaten in one minute
Amy Varney (USA) ate 365 g (12.875 oz) of mashed potato in one minute at Sierra Studios, in East Dundee, Illinois, USA, on 14 January 2012.
Most hot dogs eaten in three minutes
Takeru Kobayashi worked his way through six hot dogs in three minutes for Bikkuri Chojin 100 Special #2 (Fuji TV) at Kashiwanohakoen Sogokyogijo, Kashiwa, Japan, on 25 August 2009. Takeru's healthy appetite has earned him a few GWR records and seen him become a big cheese in the world of competitive eating.
A raw onion
Peter Czerwinski (Canada) consumed a raw onion in 43.53 seconds in Mississauga, Ontario, Canada, on 2 November 2011.
A lemon
Ashrita Furman (USA) peeled then ate a lemon in 8.25 seconds at the Songs of the Soul offices in New York City, USA, on 3 May 2010.
Three eclairs
Jonathan Coull (UK) scoffed three pastry eclairs in 1 min 11 sec at the offices of Zoo Magazine, London, UK, on 17 November 2011 in celebration of GWR Day.
Three chillies (Bhut Jolokias)
Birgit Tack (Germany) ate three Shut Jolokia chillies in 1 min 11 sec on Guinness World Records: Wirholen den Rekord nach Deutschland in Berlin, Germany, on 2 April 2011.
BIG FOOD & LARGEST FOOD
As of February 2012, Oscar's Diner in Telford, Shropsshire, UK, is serving upa a 1.1 kg (2 lb 8 oz) burger packing 4,200 calories for $24. finish it of, along with complementary milkshake, chips and coleslaw, within 45 minutes and you'll win a free meal,T-shirt and photo to mark the event. one customer did it in seven minutes!
Made by Gorilla Tango Novelty Meats (USA) the big hot dog weighs 3,18 kg (7 lb) and is available for $89.95 as of December 2011. Pictured here is the CEO of Gorilla Tango Novelty Meats, Dan Abbate (USA), with his hands full of one of the record-breaking snacks. The hod dog - which is made from veal, beef and pork - is 40.64 cm (16 in) long and has a diameter of 10.16 cm (4 in). Just one of these humongous hunger-quashers can provide 40 regular-sized servings!
Long Clawson Dairy (UK) created a 110.5-kg (243-lb 9. 7-oz) piece of Stilton cheese. It was presented and weighed in Long Clawson, Leicestershire, UK, on 20 September 2011.
Chocolate Easter egg
Tasca (Italy) made an Easter egg that measured 10.39 m (34 It 1.05 in) tall on 16 April 2011.
Doner
On 26 August 2011, Doner Restaurant (UAE) created a 468-kg (1,031-lb 12-oz) doner on Jumeirah Beach Road, in Dubai, UAE.
Heaviest pineapple
Tipping the scales at 8.28 kg (18 lb 4 oz), and measuring 32 cm (12.5 in) long, is the pineapple (far right) picked in November 2011 by amateur gardener Christine McCallum (Australia). The prodigious pineapple has a girth of 66 em (25.9 in) and iook two-and-a-half years grow in Christine's garden in Bakewell, Northern Territory, Australia.
Cocktail
A margarita with a volume of 32,176 litres (7,077.73 UK gallons) was made by Margaritaville Casino in Las Vegas, Nevada, USA, on 14 October 2011.
Falafel
The Santa Clarita Valley Jewish Food and Cultural Festival (USA) prepared a 23.9-kg (52-lb 12-oz) falafel ball at the College of the Canyons in Valencia, California, USA, on 15 May 2010.
Lasagne
Weighing a titanic 3. 71 tonnes (8,179 lb 2 oz), and measuring 21.33 x 2.13 m (70 x 7 ft), the largest lasagne was created by the Food Bank for Monterey County at Salinas, California, USA, on 14 October 1993.
Pasty
On 19 August 2010, the Proper Cornish Food Company produced a pasty that weighed 728 kg (1,604 lb) in Fowey, Cornwall, UK.
Ploughman's lunch
Sylwia Ciszewski, from Seriously Strong Cheddar (UK), made a ploughman's lunch weighing 1,853.9 kg (4,086 lb), which was shown at the Foodies Festival in London, UK. on 29 July 2011.
This mountain of meat weighs 503.71 kg (1 ,110 lb 7.84 oz) - making it around 5,926 times larger than a more conventional 85-g (3-oz) meatball - and has a diameter of 1.38 m (4 ft 6.5 in). It was prepared by the Columbus Italian Club (USA) at the St John's Italian Festival, in Columbus, Ohio, USA, between 5 and 8 October 2011. The meat and spices were mixed in batches of 22.5 kg (50 lb), then refrigerated, moved to another location, packed into a pod-like vessel and cooked in a specially made oven.
Largest box of popcorn
Cineplex International(Austria-Croatia) made a 52.59 m3 (1.857 ft3) popcorn box. It was filled in 1 hr 57 min at an event near Avenue Mall in Osijek, Croatia, on April 2011 to mark the opening of two new malls, along with two new Cineplex cinemas in Croatia.
LARGEST SERVING OF...
Baked potatoes
Shopping centre El Mirador (Spain) baked 1,116 kg (2,460 lb 5.7 oz) of potatoes at Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain, on 28 May 2011.
The dish - papas arrugadas ("wrinkly potatoes") - is popular in the Canary Islands.
Chilli con carne
On 19 July 2003, the Keystone Aquatic Club (USA) cooked up a pot of chilli con carne that weighed 652.4 kg (1,438 lb 5.1 oz) at the Broad Street Market, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, USA.
Fish and chips
Weighing in at 45.83 kg (101 lb 7 oz),the heftiest helping of fish and chips was created by the Wensleydale Heifer hotel (UK) in West Witton, Yorkshire, UK, on 2 July 2011.
Weighing 1,076 kg (2,372 lb 2.7 oz), the largest serving of fried chicken was produced by NOAS FM (Japan) at the Fourth Karaage Festival at AEON Mall Sanko in Nakatsu City, Oita, Japan, on 23 September 2011.
Potato salad
Spilva Ltd (Latvia) exhibited a 3.27-tonne (7,209-lb 1-oz) potato salad at the International Exhibition Centre of the Riga Technical University in Latvia, on 1 September 2002.
Risotto
On 26 November 2004, the Ricegrowers' Association of Australia served up a- 7.51-tonne (16 ,556-lb 11-oz) helping of risotto at First Fleet Park, Sydney, Australia.
Salsa
A team led by Bob Blumer (Canada) created a super-sized salsa weighing 1,212 kg (2,672 lb) at the 26th Annual Tomato Festival in Jacksonville, Texas, USA, on 12 June 2010.
Snails
The Omara Municipal de Loures (Portugal) created a 1,111-kg (2,449-lb) serving of snails in Lou res, Portugal, on 11 July 2009.
Stir-fry
On 5 September 2011, the University of Massachusetts Dining Services (USA) created a 1,818.91-kg (4,010-lb) stir-fry in Amherst, Massachusetts, USA.
Vegetable stew
The city council of Tudela (Spain) created a 2,040-kg (4,497-lb 6.8-oz) vegetable stew in Tudela, northern Spain, on 30 April 2011. The recipe included locally grown artichokes, peas, broad beans, green beans, asparagus, onions and garlic.
THE (VERY) RICH LIST • FAST-FOOD PROFIT
When it comes to restaurants, McDonald's (USA) is first in line. For the 2010-2011 financial year, the ubiquitous burger chain served up profits of $4.9 billion while the company itself was valued at a mouth-watering $80.1 billion. The first McDonald's fast-food restaurant opened in 1948 in San Bernardino, California, USA.
By profits
Swiss food company Nestle made $36.7 billion (£22 billion) profit in 2010/11. With revenues totalling $112 billion (£69.3 billion) for the 12 months up to 11 March 2011, Nestle is also the largest food company in terms of annual sales. The company owns business units including Food and Beverage, Nestle Waters and Nestle Nutrition.
By Sales
Forbes places Wal-Mart Stores, Inc., as the company with the highest sales, with world-beating figures of $421.8 billion (£253 billion).
Excerpted from "Guinness World Records 2013". Typed, adapted and illustrated to be posted by Leopoldo Costa.
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